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Prepositions in Spanish.List of Most Common Spanish Prepositions.

What are Spanish Prepositions?

A preposition is a word that shows the relationship between nouns, pronouns, and other words in a sentence. In Spanish, prepositions connect words and indicate relationships of time, place, direction, manner, and more.

Most Common Spanish Prepositions

  • a — to, at. a la tienda — I’m going to the store.
  • ante — before, in front of. Hablé ante el público — I spoke before the audience.
  • bajo — under, below. El gato está bajo la mesa — The cat is under the table.
  • con — with. Voy con mi amigo — I’m going with my friend.
  • contra — against. Estoy contra la pared — I’m against the wall.
  • de — of, from. El libro de Juan — Juan’s book.
  • desde — from, since. Trabajo desde las ocho — I work from eight o’clock onward.
  • durante — during. Durante la película, no hables — Don’t talk during the movie.
  • en — in, on, at. Estoy en casa — I’m at home.
  • entre — between, among. Entre tú y yo — Between you and me.
  • hacia — toward. Camina hacia la puerta — Walk toward the door.
  • hasta — until, up to. Trabajaré hasta las cinco — I’ll work until five.
  • para — for, in order to. Este regalo es para ti — This gift is for you.
  • por — for, by, through. Gracias por tu ayuda — Thanks for your help.
  • según — according to. Según el profesor, el examen será fácil — According to the teacher, the exam will be easy.
  • sin — without. Café sin azúcar — Coffee without sugar.
  • sobre — on, about. El libro está sobre la mesa — The book is on the table.
  • tras — after, behind. Tras la puerta hay un armario — Behind the door there is a wardrobe.

Prepositions of Place in Spanish

These prepositions describe where something is located.

  • en — in, on, at. La pluma está en la mesa — The pen is on the table.
  • sobre — on top of. El libro está sobre el escritorio — The book is on the desk.
  • debajo de — under. El gato está debajo de la cama — The cat is under the bed.
  • encima de — on top of. Hay una lámpara encima de la mesa — There is a lamp on top of the table.
  • detrás de — behind. El jardín está detrás de la casa — The garden is behind the house.
  • delante de — in front of. Hay un árbol delante de mi ventana — There is a tree in front of my window.
  • entre — between. El banco está entre la tienda y el restaurante — The bench is between the store and the restaurant.
  • cerca de — near. Vivo cerca del parque — I live near the park.
  • lejos de — far from. La playa está lejos de aquí — The beach is far from here.

Prepositions of Time and Manner

Time

  • a — at, for specific times. La reunión es a las tres — The meeting is at three.
  • de — from, during a period. Trabajamos de nueve a cinco — We work from nine to five.
  • desde — since, from a starting point. Estoy esperando desde las dos — I have been waiting since two.
  • hasta — until. Estaré aquí hasta las seis — I’ll be here until six.
  • durante — during. Durante el verano, voy a la playa — During the summer, I go to the beach.
  • en — in, used with months and years. Nací en mayo — I was born in May.

Manner

  • con — with, using. Escribo con un lápiz — I write with a pencil.
  • sin — without. Prefiero el café sin azúcar — I prefer coffee without sugar.
  • por — by, via. Enviamos la carta por correo — We sent the letter by mail.

How to Use "De", "En", and "A" Correctly

De

  • Possession: El libro de María — María’s book.
  • Origin: Soy de México — I’m from Mexico.
  • Material: Una mesa de madera — A wooden table.
  • Contents: Una taza de café — A cup of coffee.
  • Time: Son las diez de la noche — It is ten at night.

En

  • Location: Estoy en casa — I’m at home.
  • Time: En verano hace calor — It is hot in summer.
  • Transportation: Viajo en tren — I travel by train.
  • State: Está en buena forma — He or she is in good shape.

A

  • Direction: Voy a la tienda — I’m going to the store.
  • Time: Llegamos a las ocho — We arrived at eight.
  • Indirect objects: Le di el libro a Juan — I gave the book to Juan.
  • Personal a: Vi a mi amigo — I saw my friend.

Common mistakes

  • Voy en la escuela — I go in the school. Voy a la escuela — I’m going to school.
  • Soy de España — I’m from Spain. Vengo desde España — I’m coming from Spain.

Spanish Prepositions with Verbs

  • Pensar en: Pienso en mis vacaciones — I think about my vacation.
  • Soñar con: Sueño con viajar por el mundo — I dream of traveling around the world.
  • Hablar de: Hablamos de política — We talked about politics.
  • Depender de: Dependo de mi trabajo — I depend on my job.
  • Preocuparse por: Me preocupo por ti — I worry about you.
  • Contar con: Puedes contar conmigo — You can count on me.
  • Acordarse de: Me acuerdo de ti — I remember you.

Learning tip: Learn prepositions in context with verbs or phrases. Practicing complete phrases can help you remember which preposition each verb takes.

Prepositional Phrases in Spanish

  • a causa de — because of. No pude venir a causa del tráfico — I couldn’t come because of the traffic.
  • a pesar de — despite. A pesar de la lluvia, fuimos al parque — Despite the rain, we went to the park.
  • acerca de — about. Hablamos acerca de su nuevo trabajo — We talked about their new job.
  • al lado de — next to. Mi casa está al lado del parque — My house is next to the park.
  • antes de — before. Siempre me ducho antes de desayunar — I always shower before having breakfast.
  • después de — after. Después de la clase, vamos a comer — After class, we’re going to eat.
  • en vez de — instead of. Tomé té en vez de café — I had tea instead of coffee.
  • por medio de — by means of. Lo arreglamos por medio de negociaciones — We resolved it through negotiations.

Practice Prepositions

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Test your knowledge

Collect the sentence by selecting the correct words in order.

The treasure map is on the table. - Translate this sentence to Spanish.

Usage Examples Prepositions

  • El mapa del tesoro está sobre la mesa. - The treasure map is on the table.
  • Salimos de casa con el mapa. - We leave home with the map.
  • Caminamos por el parque. - We walk through the park.
  • Vamos hacia el puente. - We go towards the bridge.
  • Pasamos entre dos árboles. - We pass between two trees.
  • Seguimos hasta una fuente. - We continue as far as a fountain.
  • Encontramos una bolsa bajo un banco. - We find a bag under a bench.
  • Dentro de la bolsa hay chocolate. - Inside the bag there is chocolate.
  • El chocolate es para todos. - The chocolate is for everyone.
  • Volvemos a casa después del juego. - We return home after the game.
  • El regalo es para ti. - The gift is for you.
  • Vamos a la piscina. - We are going to the pool.
  • Trabajo desde casa. - I work from home.
  • El gato está en la ventana. - The cat is on the window.
  • Voy al cine con mis amigos. - I am going to the movies with my friends.
  • La carta es de mi abuela. - The letter is from my grandmother.
  • Vivo con mi hermano. - I live with my brother.
  • Estudio español por la noche. - I study Spanish at night.
  • Ellos llegan en tren. - They arrive by train.
  • Mi casa está cerca del parque. - My house is near the park.